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(No Model.) 2 Sheets -Sheet 1.

0. B. CLARK. Locomotive.

No. 238,349. Patented March 1, 18 81 Lg u.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

- G. B. CLARK.

Locomotive. w

No. 238,349. Patented March 1,1881.

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IINITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

CHARLES B. CLARK, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO EMMA JENNETTE CLARK,OF SAME PLACE.

LOCOMOTIVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 238,349, dated March 1,11881. Application filed December 30, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. CLARK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Locomotives, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to that classof locomotives which are driven by thefrictional contact of one or more pairs of upper drivingwheels with oneor more pairs of lower running wheels that rest upon the track.

The object of driving locomotives in the m anner just stated has been toincrease the running speed without increasing the number of thereciprocations of the pistons, and also to so arrange the parts that thecenter of gravity of the locomotive will not be so elevated as to renderit liable to jump the track in turning curves. I have observed, however,a defect in this class of locomotives, which defect consists in theslipping of the running wheels upon the track at the start, caused bythe friction of the drivingwheels. As the trackwheels unquestionablyslip at such times they will therefore be liable to slip in ascendingsteep grades.

It is the object of the present invention to obviate such defect in theaforesaid class of locomotives; and to such end my invention consists,first, in the combination, in a locomotive in which the running wheelsthat rest upon the track are driven by frictional contact with elevateddriving-wheels, of the steamcylinders, the pistons, piston-rods, andpitmen with the elevated driving-wheels and the running wheels,interposed between the driving-V wheels and the track, and connectedtogether in pairs by connecting-rods, to prevent their slipping upon thetrack of the railway; second, in the combination, in a locomotive inwhich the running wheels that rest upon the track are driven byfrictional contact with the elevated driving-wheel, of the elevateddrivin g-wheel connections between said wheels and the piston, and apair of running wheels connected together by connecting-rods, the saidrunning wheels bein gin frictional contact with the driving-wheel, inthe manner hereinafter stated; third, the combination, in a locomotivewith the elevated driving-wheels actuated by the pistons throughsuitable connections,"of the running wheels interposed between thedrivingwvheels and the track, said bearingwheels being connectedtogether by connecting-rods, to prevent slipping, and being providedwith a larger and a smaller tread, the former of which rests upon thetrack and receives motion by thefrictional contact of the latter withthe driving-wheels, all as hereinafter more fully explained.

In the accompanying drawings, which represent only such parts of alocomotive as are necessary to illustrate my invention, Figure I is aside elevation of a locomotive constructed to be driven in the mannerhereinbefore mentioned. Fig. II is a like view, representing myinvention in a modified form.

The steam cylinders and pistons and the truck-wheels of the locomotivemay be of any approved or known construction, and therefore it isunnecessary to enter into anyexplanation of the same.

. Arefers to the elevated driving-wheels, one of which is, as a matterof course, secured upon each end of the driving-axle, it being onlynecessary, in illustrating my invention, to show one side of thelocomotive. The usual axlelooxes Will be provided for the driving-axle,and these boxes will be supported by a suitable frame-work, as at L.

B B indicate two running wheels, which bear and run upon the rail N, andwhich, as usual, are fixed to the respective axles. These wheels areeach preferably formed with two treads, the larger of which, F, runsupon the rail, while the tread O, of smaller diameter, which is formedon one of the faces of the wheel, supports the elevated driving-wheel A.As shown in Fig. I, this drivingwheel is in contact with the treads oftwo of these running wheels, it being understood that the samearrangement is observed on the other side of the locomotive. Theconnecting-rods of the running wheels B are indicated by the letter D,and the connection of said running wheels, when taken in connection withthe described means for imparting a rotary motion to the running ortrack wheels, constitutes the essential features of my invention. Theserunning or track wheels B are driven solely by frictional contact withthe elevated driving-wheels A, and by connecting said running wheelstogether in pairs, in the manner set forth, the liability of saidrunning wheels to slip on the track will be so lessened as topractically avoid such objectionable feature, which, if the runningwheels are not so connected, will invariably occur.

By the arrangement of wheels described and shown in Fig. I, thedriving-wheel has a double frictional contact with the track-wheels,which is a great advantage, inasmuch as less power is required to applypressure for bringing the Wheels in closer contact to prevent slippage,and the strain or impingement is better distributed, which results arelargely in favor of the durability of the working parts of thelocomotive. Besides, the driving-wheel is brought lower down, and hencethe center of gravity of the driving-wheel with its axle and bearin gsare so much depressed as to add great stability to the locomotive whenrunning at high speed or in rounding curves.

The principal weight of the boiler and frame depending from the axle ofthe elevated driving-wheels, it follows that the latter will keep inclose frictional contact with the trackwheels, and the latter beingjoined by the connectin g-bar, it is evident that I have a combinationof the highest speed and efficiency attainable in this class oflocomotives.

The frictional tire or rim of the wheels may be turned plain, curved, orin any form which shall best answer the ends of this invention. Thedistance apart of these running wheels will depend upon the class ofwork for which the locomotive is designed. If, for example, they are soset apart as to admit of the adjustment of the driving-wheel to someextent between them, the frictional bearing of the drivers upon the samewill be greater, since the driver will be, in effect, wedged between therunning wheels. It is not absolutely necessary, however, in carrying outmy invention, that the driver should bear upon both of these runningwheels, since an arrangement such as shown in Fig. II will be foundeffective. In this modification a driving-wheel bears upon one runningwheel at each side of the locomotive, while said running wheel isconnected by a connecting-rod with a second running wheel, arranged atabout the usual distance in rear thereof. I prefer, however, arrangingthe running wheels in closer proximity, so that both will come incontact with the driving-wheel, since such arrangement facilitates theturning of curves in the road, in addition to the advantages heretoforestated.

What I claim is 1. The combination,in a locomotive in which the runningwheels that rest upon the track are driven by frictional contact withelevated driving-wheels, of the steam -cylinders, pistons, piston-rods,and pitmen with the elevated driving-wheels and the running wheels,interposed between the driving-wheels and the track, and connectedtogether in pairs at the sides of the locomotive by connecting-rods, toprevent their slipping upon the track of the railway, substantially asdescribed.

' 2. In a locomotive in which the running wheels that rest upon thetrack are driven by frictional contact with elevated driving-wheels, thecombination of the elevated driving-wheels, connections between saidwheels and the steampiston, and two pairs of running wheels, connectedby connecting-rods, the said runningwheels being in frictional contactwith the driving-wheels, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a locomotive with the elevated driving-wheelsactuated by the pistons through suitable connections, of the runningwheels interposed between the drivingwheels and the track, said runningwheels being connected together by connecting-rods, to prevent slipping,and being provided with a larger and a smaller tread, the former ofwhich rests upon the track and receives motion by the frictional contactof the latter with the driving-wheels, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CHARLES B. CLARK.

Witnesses:

WALTER S. HARSHA, R031. A. LIGGETT.

